别相信我们的话：美国监管机构对币安(Binance)合规改善的评价

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主要要点

• 为了问责和发展，币安对其过去的行为承担全部责任，做出巨大努力来改进其合规举措，并建立一个更强大、更安全的平台。

• 这种情绪也反映在美国机构在整个调查过程中发表的声明中，特别是有关币安的合作以及 AML、CFT 和 KYC 措施的声明。

• 虽然美国机构的调查是由过去的行动引发的，但它帮助制定了我们今天在币安看到的全面合规计划。一如既往，我们用户的安全仍然至关重要。

正如广泛报道的那样，当币安首次推出时，它没有足够的合规控制措施来满足其迅速发展的公司的需要，而它本应具备的。认识到这一点，我们对我们过去的行为

正如作家兼思想家 Matshona Dhliwayo 曾经观察到的那样，钻石因其承受的压力而绽放光芒。

我们面临——实际上也欢迎——前所未有的审查，这些审查不仅揭示了过去的问题，而且揭示了我们为解决这些问题而采取的多种方法。是时候继续前进了。 

在过去的两年里，在我们与美国机构历史性地宣布决议之前，我们已经成为我们的用户更强大、更安全、更有保障的平台。但您不必相信我们的话。以下是直接来自与我们达成和解的政府机构的观点和引述：美国金融犯罪执法网络 (FinCEN) 的同意令、我们与司法部 (DOJ) 的认罪协议以及与外国资产控制办公室的和解协议(OFAC)。

[币安]

重塑了合规计划治理和组织结构，包括聘请在金融领域和执法领域拥有专业合规经验的新合规领导层

. – 来自 FinCEN 的同意令

调查及其他方面的合作

美国机构注意到币安在调查过程中的合作和采取的补救措施，以及币安与全球执法机构的积极合作。

Specifically, OFAC noted Binance’s “substantial cooperation,” which included “conducting an extensive, independent, internal investigation, responding promptly to OFAC’s requests for information, providing large volumes of data regarding the Apparent Violations, making multiple presentations to OFAC, submitting inculpatory internal communications, and executing a statute of limitations tolling agreement.” 

The agency also said that Binance has implemented “significant remedial measures,” such as creating “two teams dedicated to cooperation with law enforcement, including by proactively sharing intelligence and to respond to time-sensitive requests.”

FinCEN stated that "Binance works closely with law enforcement agencies worldwide related to this type of illicit activity, including Hydra, darknet markets, and hacks." Furthermore, although it did not file suspicious activity reports with FinCEN, Binance has “proactively cooperated with global law enforcement and blockchain vendors to combat terrorism financing.”

The DOJ itemized Binance’s remedial measures, some of which we cite in the sections below, and noted that the company has committed to additional remediation as part of its resolution of parallel investigations by U.S. regulatory agencies.

Binance has taken significant recent steps to enhance its compliance program, including committing substantial resources to address the types of compliance gaps addressed. –  From FinCEN’s consent order

AML and CFT

The statements by the DOJ and FinCEN describe the measures that Binance took in the areas of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (CFT). According to FinCEN’s consent order, "Binance’s current compliance program would not permit users identified as associated with terrorist financing to remain on the platform or remove funds."

The DOJ plea deal agreement stated that Binance has invested significant financial resources in improvements to our AML and CFT programs, “including by replacing ineffective compliance staff with experienced employees and significantly increasing compliance headcount.”

Moreover, the DOJ noted that Binance has “Implemented enterprise-wide AML/CFT and sanctions risk assessments beginning in November 2022,” “implemented Financial Action Task Force standards for AML and KYC” and “improved employee AML/CFT training.” 

The agencies also mentioned Binance’s measures to improve transaction monitoring. As per OFAC, Binance has “partnered with third-party companies to implement real-time transaction monitoring, including screening for sanctioned parties.” The DOJ determined that Binance has “increased investment in real-time and post-transaction monitoring including by increasing headcount, enhancing internal tools, and employing recognized third-party vendors-such as blockchain analytics vendors-to scan user transactions and profiles.”

User Identity Verification (KYC)

The acronym KYC stands for “know your customer” and refers to the verification of a user’s identity by financial organizations, which is required by regulators in most jurisdictions. As per the text of the OFAC settlement, Binance has “required all users to pass KYC and implemented periodic customer reviews according to users’ compliance risk ratings.”

The DOJ’s list of the remedial measures taken by Binance, the agency notes that we have:

• Changed our terms of service to require all new users to submit to full KYC procedures in August 2021;

• Implemented full KYC requirements for all direct account holders by May 2022, including the use of recognized third-party vendors to verify identity and assess customer risk;

• Improved our enhanced due diligence program in November 2022 to cover, among other things, politically exposed persons, high-risk users, applicants for limit increases, unusual corporate structures, and unusual transaction activity; 

• Updated our sanctions policy in November 2022, improving customer due diligence, screening, offboarding, account blocking, risk assessments, and sanctions reporting;

• Developed and implemented a comprehensive framework designed to determine the nationality of enterprise users.

Sanctions Compliance and Addressing U.S. Persons

Binance has substantially enhanced its sanctions and AML compliance program to seek to address the presence of sanctioned and U.S. persons on the platform. – From FinCEN’s consent order

The regulatory agencies noted Binance’s efforts to improve its capacity to identify sanctioned persons and U.S.-based users and prevent them from using the platform.

According to the OFAC settlement, we have “revamped compliance policies and procedures, such as the Binance Sanctions Manual that requires Binance to complete an annual enterprise-wide risk assessment and additional due diligence reviews of users suspected of being located in a sanctioned jurisdiction.”

The agency further noted that Binance has conducted multiple lookback reviews of users to identify and offboard those from the United States as well as sanctioned jurisdictions, “including a re-screening of all active users against sanctions lists from the United States and various other countries.”

此外，OFAC 承认币安在这方面采取的其他措施，包括要求“在新员工入职时以及每年至少对所有员工进行制裁培训”，大幅增加“线级合规资源，包括制裁合规资源”；与“第三方供应商合作，检测并阻止某些方（包括被屏蔽的人员）加入”，并实施“进一步的技术控制，以筛选和识别来自受制裁司法管辖区的用户，包括 IP 屏蔽、地理围栏和区块链监控。”

司法部

美国商务部表示，币安在通知正在进行的调查之前就开始限制一些已知的美国用户的账户，开始限制受美国制裁的用户的账户，并“启动了广泛的历史审查，以识别并从该平台下架美国企业用户” ”。”

发表这些声明并不是试图淡化美国机构文件中描述的历史行为的严重性，也不是以任何方式背离我们所承担的责任。如前所述，引发这些当局调查的行为是历史性的，他们的审查导致币安今天制定了全面的合规计划。这些事实雄辩地证明了我们致力于通过不断增强我们的合规政策、流程和系统来确保用户和更广泛的区块链空间的安全。

进一步阅读

• 币安公告：与美国监管机构达成解决方案

• 消除边界：数字经济的全球统一监管

• 币安的准备金证明系统：用户资产透明度升级的一年

热点：币安